A22-year-old female presented with 2 weeks of fever, anemia, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and
skin rashes. Her total leukocyte count was 306 x 109/L. Peripheral blood smear showed many atypical lymphocytes
with petal-shaped nuclei like flowers as seen in the photograph. Peripheral blood immunophenotype noted negative markers
for myeloid and B lymphoid lineage (CD10, CD19, CD3, CD5, CD7, cyto-CD3, TCR, CD16, CD56) and strongly positive
for CD4 and CD25, and also CD2, which was atypical. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy revealed involvement by acute leukemia.
Serology for HTLV-1 was positive and serum calcium was normal.
A diagnosis of adult T-cell leukemia was made. This leukemia is a neoplastic disease of CD4-positive T lymphocytes. Flower
cells are described typically in HTLV-1–induced adult T-cell leukemia. They may also be seen in asymptomatic carriers of
HTLV-1. Although convoluted nuclei with high total leukocyte count can occur in Se´zary syndrome, a typical pe
